Aiyon Abogados advises Spanish shipowners on a shipbuilding contract based on the Norwegian Standard Form Shipbuilding Contract.

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The vessel is already being built in Turkey. Aiyon advised the shipowner on the drafting of the contract and assisted them on the complex negotiations with the shipyard on issues affecting contractual clauses as well as the drafting of the refund guarantees and performance bonds to be tendered by the shipyard.

Aiyon also advised the shipowners on the opening of the documentary credit  for the payment of each instalment.

Publication of Regulation (EU) 2015/2421, amending the European Small Claims Procedure and the European order for payment procedure

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On 24 December 2015, Regulation (EU) 2015/2421 of 16 December 2015 amending Regulation (EC) 861/2007 establishing a European Small Claims Procedure and Regulation (EC) 1896/2006 creating a European order for payment procedure was published in the Official Journal. Read more

Ship arrest and the Spanish Shipping Act of 2014

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Right before the Spanish Shipping Act of 2014, the procedural aspects of ship arrest were regulated by the Spanish Code of Civil Procedure and in particular by its 26th Final Provision.

Whilst overall respecting the previous regulation of ship arrest, Articles 470 to 479 of the new Spanish Shipping Act introduce some minor changes that facilitate the arrest and provide more legal certainty. These changes are basically four: Read more

Late payment of insurance claims against P&I clubs under Spanish law

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The ambiguity of the Spanish Shipping Act, which entered into force on 25th September 2014, with regards to the direct action against P&I’s will surely open the door to many third party claims before the Spanish courts. It is unclear whether such actions will prevail or not. If the Spanish courts accept the existence of a direct action, P&I’s in such proceedings may allege the application of English law to their marine insurance contracts as maritime transport is considered a large risk where the choice of law prevails. This will require proof of the contents of such law. Lack or insufficient proof of English law could result inevitably in the application of Spanish law. Read more

Spain’s new time-bar limitation

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On 6th October 2015, the Spanish Official Gazette published Law 42/2015 of 5th October, which amends Law 1/2000 of 7th January of Civil Procedure (also known as the Spanish Code of Civil Procedure).

In its First Final Provision, Law 42/2015 amends Article 1964 of the Spanish Civil Code relating to the time-bar period of personal actions. Article 1964 formerly established a 15-year time-bar period for personal actions. According to the new wording, unless they have a different time-bar period assigned, all personal actions will be considered time-barred after five years from the date in which the compliance with the obligation could have been demanded. Read more

Time of arrival: Time at which the aircraft door is opened

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Regulation No. 261/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 does not define the actual “arrival time”. That being the case, the need for a uniform application of EU law and the principle of equal treatment requires that the terms of a provision of EU law which makes no express reference to the law of the Member States for the purpose of determining its meaning and scope must normally be given an independent interpretation throughout the European Union. Read more