Entries by Aiyon Abogados

Royal Decree 205/2025 of 18 March Establishing the Criteria for the Determination of Vehicle Charges/Exemptions/Reductions for the Use of Certain Infrastructures

The aforementioned Royal Decree 205/2025, approved on 18 March 2025 and coming into force on 19 March 2025, aims to adapt the current regulations on criteria for determining the tolls to be applied to goods vehicles with a maximum authorised mass of more than 3.5 tonnes on motorways under concession on the State Road Network, in […]

‘Chambers & Partners’ Endorses Our Work

The British entity ‘Chambers & Partners’, one of the most prestigious directories worldwide in the classification of departments of law firms and individual lawyers in different jurisdictions and practice areas, has published its ranking for the year 2025 in which AIYON Abogados has been recognised, once again, as one of the leading firms in its […]

Regulation (EU) 2023/1805 on Renewable and Hypo-Carbon Fuels in Maritime Transport

Regulation (EU) 2023/1805 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the use of renewable fuels and low-carbon fuels for maritime transport and amending Directive 2009/16/EC  represents a milestone in the transition towards more sustainable shipping in the European Union. In force since 12 October of the same year and […]

Organic Law 5/2024, of 11 November, on the Right to Defence

The right to defence and to the assistance of a lawyer is a set of powers and guarantees recognised to natural and legal persons to assert, in accordance with a previously established procedure, their rights, freedoms and legitimate interests in any type of dispute. It is expressly recognised in the second paragraph of Article 24 […]

On the Additional Validity Requirements for the Effectiveness of Jurisdiction Clauses in Bills of Lading

It is common practice in the international maritime transport of goods for shipping lines to offer their own general conditions of contract, and for the rest of the actors in the sector to adhere to them. Therefore, the consignees, receivers of the goods carried under the bill of lading (B/L), do not in practice have […]

Revised Limits of Liability Under the Montreal Convention 1999

In 2024, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has proceeded to review the liability limits in accordance with the provisions of Article 24 of the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air, done in Montreal on May 28, 1999 – Montreal Convention of 1999, which states that the liability limits […]

‘Green Corridors’ and New Fuel Logistics

The importance of maritime transport in world trade is indisputable, as approximately 80% of global goods are transported by sea. Europe, as the world’s largest exporter and second largest importer, depends on these services to compete internationally. In this context, the European Union (EU) is committed not only to promoting efficiency in maritime transport, but […]

Port Competitiveness and the Impact of Decarbonisation

Competition between ports in the transport logistics chain and the key factors that determine their competitiveness, such as adequate infrastructure, good location and reasonable costs, have been extensively studied in the literature (Notteboom, 2008; Tongzon, 2002 and 2007; Lirn et al., 2003; Yeo and Song, 2005; Tai and Hwang, 2005). The quality of services offered […]